RESEARCH AND REVIEWS: JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES Cytotoxicity analysis by MTT assay of isolated Gossypol from Bt and Non-Bt Cotton Seeds on HeLa Cell Lines

The present paper deals with study of In-vitro cytotoxicity effect of isolated gossypol from Bt and Non-Bt cotton seeds on HeLa cell lines. Gossypol is a polyphenolic binaphthyl diadehyde natural yellow colored pigment. It is not only resistance substance for cotton plant’s self – defense system against insect pests and possibly some diseases but also an important phytochemical compound of immense interest due to its several biological properties including anti-cancer,anti-HIV,antioxidation, antimicrobial and as male contraceptive. During this study gossypol exhibited broad spectrum of anti-cancer activity against the HeLa cell lines. The cytotoxicity effect of gossypol was detemined by MTT (3-(4-,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-dipheniltetrazolium bromide) assay. Gossypol from Bt and Non-Bt cotton seeds has shown dose dependent cytotoxicity effect against HeLa cell lines. In-vitro screening of the gossypol showed potential cytotoxic activity against HeLa cell lines. Mortality rate of 11.5884% and 22.6058% with 3μg/1μl concentration of isolated gossypol from Bt and Non-Bt cotton seed extracts was observed on HeLa cell lines respectively. Hence the inhibitory concentration at 50% (IC50) was fixed at 3μg/1μl of gossypol for HeLa cells. The standard anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin (1mg/ml) was also used in this study to confirm anti-cancer activity of gossypol isolated from Bt and Non-Bt cotton seed with 1.7828% cell viability. The present study confirms the mild toxic effect of gossypol on HeLa cell lines and can preferably be used as anti-cancerous drug in combination with other natural similar compounds to replace the synthetic chemical drugs for fewer side effects.